Leveling and squaring device



Dec. 21 1937. c ROGGERQ 2,103,184

LEVELING AND SQUARING DEVICE Fild March 29, 1937 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 U lhue/afa/ A I P09513110 Dec. 21,

4 9 I 1 1 1 I I 1 4 I 9 4 1 g a z I I I r 1 1 g z z a 1 I v I I 1 5 I 1937. Q ROGGERO 2,103,184

LEVELING AND SQUARING DEVICE 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed March 29, 1937 .ZZzo-ezafor 'Z P005 8/0 57 Patented Dec. 21, 1937 2,103,184

UNITED STATES PATENT oFFl'cE 2,103,184 LEVELING AND SQUARI NG DEVICE Carlo Roggero, Arenzano, Italy Application .March 29, 1937, Serial No. 133,742

In Germany April 6, 1936 7 Claims. (CI. 33-72) This invention relates to a combined level and 1, 2, 7, 11, 12) is provided. The instrumentis square or goniometer, especially suitable for adjusted in such a way that when the box D surveyors and by which it is possible to (loan hangs freely on its Cardanic support U, looking usual level and. angle measuring work. t r h one of slits so s to centre cross The object of the invention is to provide a a T of pp Slots E, the Vision extends 5 device of the above kind, which is verysimple through a horizontal plane and therefore the inin construction and very reliable in use. t men acts as a evel.

The invention is based on the combination of Below these horizontal apertures vertical slits a gravity level with an optical square, and is con.- G, H, L, a e o t through Which oppositely 0 stituted by a freely hanging box, suspended on y g slots may be looked a Cardanical joint and provided with horizontal It is to be noted that from each slit y one and vertical narrow slits, faced by wider slots of h pp lying slets shall be ble a d or apertures traversed by cross hairs. In one namely the slot the'center line of which lies on embodiment of the invention screens are further the Ve c p a drawn through the n r O fitted to the interior or the box in such a manthe slit and the intersection line of the vertical 15 ner as to avoid that from one of the slits more planes passing thmugh the Suspension DiVOtS 0f than one of opposite apertures can be ee the box, the said intersection line being the cen- The invention will be better understood by the teraxis of the device. Furthermore the slits 1 following specification with reference to the a come to be at the intersection points of a number companying drawings in which: of equally spaced vertical planes radially drawn 2 Figures 1 and 2 are front elevatio seen fr m from the said center axis towards one vertical opposite sides of the apparatus; half of the box, while the larger apertures are Figures 3 and 4 ar side elevations fr m opcut on the other half of the box symmetrically posite sides; of said slits (see Figure 6). For the usual pura Figures 5 and 6 are respectively a plan view p e e slits H and apertures and a horizontal section on line VI-VI of Fig-- G'K-L'H are spaced 45 apart from one ure 2; another. V Figure 7 is a vertical section on line VII-VII In order to avoid that the wrong slot may also of Figure 5; be seen through each slit, two pairs of screens Figures 8 and 9 are respectively a plan of the and are fitted Within hex D 50 as 30 supporting block and of the stirrup of the deto avoid the vision at right angles 01 Parallel vice; to any one of these planes. I V

Figure 10 is a vertical se ti on line of The vertical slots are also provided with cross Figure 5, and hairs T as collimators for determining vertical Figures 11 and 12 are two perspective views .plan swh n seen at the centre f t ppos h wing respectively a parallelepipedal and a cyslits. In Figures 5 and 6 the different directions lindrical box mounted on their respective feet, of Vi o a e i dicat Wh as it is apparent,

seen from opposite sides. 3 form with one another angles of 45 or multiples As shown, the instrument comprises a box D thereof. In practice these angular directions whi h m y b f arallelepipedal, cylindrical or are sufficient for the usual measuring operations. 40 other suitable form, suspended on a pair of The instrument can be adjusted in the workaligned pivots to a frame U which in its turn is shop and to his pu p on the bottom of the suspended on another pair of pivots at right box a shiftable counterweight P is fitted, which angles to the former ones to the end of the wings is constituted preferably by a suitable weighty of stirrup C, the whole so as to have a cardanic block P, having a screw-threaded bore which is 45 suspension. The yoke of the stirrup C may be screwed on a threaded spindle Q as shown in rotatably mounted on a vertical pivot on a sup- Figures 6, 7 and 10. porting block A, mounted on a tripod or stand B. Spindle Q can be turned from the exterior of The vertical walls of box D are provided with the box, for instance by means of a suitable key a number of vertical and horizontal slits, nameto be inserted in keyholes Z provided at one end 50 ly in the upper part of the two sides lying 0D- of the spindle Q. A like shiftable counter-weight posite to one another and parallel to the plane can be fitted at right angles to the above doof stirrup C a narrow slit E, F is cut and in scribed, for instance at the underside of the botfront of each of these slits a larger opening or tom wall of the box, as shown in Figures 7 and 10, slot E, F traversed by a cross hair T (Figures and this counterweight may be also closed in 55 a suitable casing. However, these balancing weights are not absolutely necessary and the adjustment of the box may be effected by any other suitable known means, as for instance those usually adopted by scale makers and consisting in eliminating the unbalancing by means of suitable small fixed additional weights, as drops of tin.

Having to set ranging pegs at angles other than 45 or multiples thereof (which happens not very frequently) amarkfiniay be provided von "apart integral of stirrup C pointing on agraduated circle S (Figure 1) on block A.

From the foregoing the advantages of the new and useful instrument are apparentf In fact, this instrument can replace two"- instruments adopted until now by surveyprs, viz. a level and an optical square. It may bementibned'that new construction permits of a simple and economical fastening of the cross collimator hairs T, T' I"igu1 es 1, 2, 4,1, 1 2 which are fitted in r r tins eit on b ins r n a v nq at i 6 n .ne fi w i i eh be w en sui ab win s fitted at one end ofthe apertures E';F, "G" and bvwindin'g the opposite end of hair on a tuttbriuk projection X u'nder thefbottom'of' t le box; the hairsbe'ing maintained in their right P sition-by suitable notches J it isapparent, the box may be of parallelepipedal {(i jigure 11) ,as well as cylindrical (Figure ;12 or eventually polygonal form.

I claim:

1. In acombined leveling and squaring device, a box, a 'Cardanic suspension for said box, a forked supporting member or stirrup for-support ing the' saidbox' through the said Cardanic suspension, narrow horizontal slits in the upper part of the box and wider apertures or slots opposite of each of the said slits, narrow vertical slits'below saidhorizontal slits and: apertures and Wider vertical aperturesor'slo'ts opposite of'saidvertical slits-and=vertical cross hairs'on said apertures, whereby the verticalslits come to lie all on one vertical half of 'the box andithe wider apertures or'slots are provided on the other half of the box, the saidvertical slits and'ape'rtures being'space'd from one another of equal angles about the'c'entre of the'device;

2; In acombined leveling and squaring device according to'clair'n' 1';'the"arrange'ment of means foravoiding thatthrough each vertical slit more a than one vertical slot may be seen.

==-3;'1ria'conl16ine leveling an squaring device according to damn, the arrangement onthe" botv o .ii' i en ween-s er an'- taining the box vertical when freely hung on its supports.

4. In a combined leveling and squaring device according to claim 1, a stand for supporting the .forked support, a block on said stand, pivotal connections between this block and the said forked support of said frame to which the box is suspended, a graduated circle on said box adjacent to the lower part of said forked support and m rk on h ar of t forked supp pointing to the'fgradu'atioris fof said graduated circle. r

a ,5. In a combined leveling and squaring device, a hoxa pair of oppositely lying pivots on said 'box,"a"fram'e"encircling the upper part of said hex, seats on said frame for the projecting pivots of the box, a pair of oppositely lying pivots fasten'ded' to andprojecting to the exterior of the saidframe at right angles to the said seats for the 199:; pivots, a forked supporting member or stirrup, seats on said stirrup for supporting the lprojectingipivots' of the frame, means for pivotally fsuppo'rting'saidstirrup, narrow horizontal slits in 'thj pper section ofsaid box and larger horizontal apertures provided with cross hairs in front of-said horizontal slits, four adjacent narrow vertical slits spaced apart 45 from one another with regards to the eenter axis of the device, fo'ur adjacent longitudinal apertures or 'slots'each traversed by a vertical cross hair, the 9 cross ha'irsbeing spaced 45 apart from one another with regards to the center axis of. the

' device and the outer'longitudinal slots being "spaced 4 5 apart from the outer adjacent slits and'meaijs foifavoiding that from each slit more than one longitudinal slot may be looked at, the slotyisible through each slit" being so situated that the vertical center axis of the device comes tof'l i onall planes'passing through the center of each ver'ticalslit'and the cross 'hair of the corresponding slot and means for'supporting said boxsotnat it hangs vertically.

6. In a leveling'and squaring device according toblaim5fa' mark bri the base'of the forked support, a hole in the center of said base, a supporting' block for said forked support, a pivotlike projection on said block fitting" in the hole of the forked supporta graduated circle on the upper part of said block, in front of said mark f th q s d up ort and a S a d f afliustably u nm fdfo cd ort- 1 *IfIn a' leveling and squaring device according to clairn 5, the provision of screens in front of each'verti cal slit to control the line of vision through each vertical slit. 7 

